Reply to Ugurlucan and Tireli

Aortic translocation for transposition of great arteries and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.

Right ventricular myxoma causing right ventricular outflow tract obstruction.

Cardiac myxomas are the most common neoplasms of the heart. They can be located in any chamber of the heart but frequently in the left atrium. In this report we present a patient who had been treated for a right ventricular myxoma originating from the interventricular septum and leading to right ventricular outflow tract obstruction.

Aorta after stent grafting for mycotic aneurysm.

Endovascular stent grafting is applied for the treatment of different aortic pathologies in the current medical era. It may be lifesaving in patients with comorbidities and virtually inoperable when adopting conventional techniques. This manuscript reports on a 40-year-old patient, who was previously treated for a mycotic saccular aneurysm at the aortic arch and who presented with a descending ...

Bidirectional inferior vena cava-pulmonary artery shunt: can it be an alternative for older patients presenting single ventricle heart disease in the third world countries?

The single ventricle cardiac pathologies are commonly treated with total cavopulmonary anastomosis in the current era. The modality is usually performed in two stages and the bidirectional superior vena cava-pulmonary artery shunt constitutes the first stage; after a certain period, the inferior vena cava is connected to the anastomosis. However, especially in relatively older patients, single ...

A Problem in Avicennas View on the Origination of the Soul and a Reply to It